WITHDRAWN: Micro- and nanodevices for integration with human brain organoids.

Abstract

Brain organoids are powerful experimental models to study fundamental neurodevelopmental processes and the pathology of neurological disorders. Brain organoids can now be generated from human-induced pluripotent stem cells, which pave the way for using them to investigate effective therapies for various neurodegenerative disorders and diseases. However, brain organoids possess complex cellular architecture, various unknown functionalities, and a lack of vascular networks, which have limited their use in biomedicine and clinical research. Micro- and nanoscale devices and technologies can help overcome these limitations. This review critically examines recently developed micro- and nanodevices..